FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF THE VARUS ANGLE AND ANTERO-POSTERIOR TIBIAL INCLINATION ON THE STRESSES OF THE PROSTHETIC HUMAN KNEE

Daniela TARNITA, Dan MARGHITU, Dan CALAFETEANU, Ilie DUMITRU, Danut Nicolae TARNITA

Abstract


In this study, six virtual models of the prosthetic human knee joint are developed and analyzed with the finite element method (FEA). The study is based on the virtual model of the human knee joint, as well as that of an existing knee prosthesis, often used in total knee arthroplasty, virtual models developed and presented in other previous works. Based on FEA, the effects of varus angle and antero-posterior tibial inclination (a-p.t.i) on the stresses developed in the components of the knee prosthesis are studied. Using AnsysWorkbench software, von Mises stress maps and maximum stress values are obtained for the six prosthetic knee assemblies and for each of the three components of the prosthesis: polyethylene insert, tibial component and femoral component. For each case of prosthesis-knee assembly (corresponding to a varus angle of 176o, 182o and 188o, two variants were considered: an a-p.t.i of 00 and 50 respectively. The results show that as the varus angle increases, the von Mises stresses increase in all prosthesis components, and for an a-p.t.i of 5o, the von Mises stresses decrease in all three components of knee prosthesis. The results, confirmed by clinical observations, suggest that the a-p.t.i  of 5 0 is favorable.


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